Goal Scoring From A Positional Perspective

Last week, Tweed posted the first story of a series that looks at the Chicago Fire's potential goal production (or lack thereof) for the 2013 season. I had started to work on a project that is a little similar back at the end of last season. I had decided to shelve it a while back, but, thanks to Tweed, I figured that it might be worth revisiting.

The purpose of the project was to find if there was a correlation between where a team gets their goals from and a team's overall success. What prompted me to do this project were pundits. At the end of last season many pundits were saying that D.C. United needed a solid forward who could score goals as the final piece to their puzzle. Around that same time, pundits were criticizing Liverpool for relying too much on forward Luis Suarez for goals and that the Liverpool midfield needed to contribute more if Liverpool wanted to qualify for Europe in 2014. When these two arguments are put together, one can assume (or at least I did) that teams need to have a balance of goal scoring from both the forwards and midfielders to be successful.

I originally started off by looking at some statistics from a very broad view before getting down to a more granular level, so let's start with the broader view first.

The Broad View

Below is a chart of the all teams in Major League Soccer and their goal scoring ratio. I have the chart sorted by goal percentage in the forward section. The teams in the red made the playoffs.

The first thing that immediately jumps out here is that Chicago had fewer goals scored by forwards than anyone else in the league. Part of this could be explained away by the fact that we played with a lone forward for most of the season. Still, we had Dominic Oduro, who missed quite a few opportunities, and Sherjill MacDonald has not exactly been Mr. Clinical either. With a lone forward, the Fire probably weren't going to be very balanced goal scoring wise, but it's still a little bit alarming to see that our forwards were dead last in the league in terms of goal scoring.

I had thought about what a perfectly balanced goal scoring ratio between forwards and midfielders would look like, and I think the Houston Dynamo pretty much nailed it. The bulk of the goal scoring is shared evenly between Houston's forwards and midfielders with a small percentage left over for defenders.

Using Houston as an example, I would consider any teams with percentages within +/- 5% as balanced. Going off that guideline - Houston, Chivas USA, Sporting Kansas City, the Columbus Crew, Portland Timbers, FC Dallas, and the Montreal Impact would be considered to be balanced. Out of all those teams, only Houston and Kansas City made the playoffs. All other playoff teams either relied heavily on their forwards or midfielders for goals, so it would seem that being balanced might not be a good thing.

Now, with all this talk about goals from midfielders and forwards, I did find something interesting when it comes to goals scored from defenders:

The Chicago Fire were not only 2nd when it comes to percentage of goals scored from defenders, but they were one of two teams with more than 10% of their goals coming from defenders to make the playoffs. In 2012, Chicago Fire forwards only netted 2 more goals than Fire defenders.

Now, goals are goals. It doesn't matter how you get them as long as you get them, right?

A Closer Look

After gathering data on all the above information, I felt that I should look at things a little closer. To do this, I decided to focus on the top two goal scorers of every team and record how many goals they scored, the percentage of goals they scored for their team, their position and...well...I have a chart you can probably figure out below. The chart is sorted by the position each team finished in terms of the Supporters' Shield. As before, red font equals playoffs.

I think the chart above says a lot. There is a lot of data here, so I am going to put a few observations in bullet points below first:

• 9 teams in the league got more than 40% of their goal production from their top 2 scorers. 7 of those teams made the playoffs in 2012. The only playoff teams to have less than 40% of their goal production come from their two top goal scorers are DC United, Vancouver and Chicago.
• 6 teams in the league got less than 20% of their goals from their top goal scorer. Only one team made the playoffs. That was Chicago. Rolfe missed the 20% mark by .43%.
• Only 1 team with a double digit goal scorer did not make the playoffs - New England. Only 2 teams made the playoffs without a double digit scorer - Chicago and Vancouver.
• Out of all playoff teams only 2 had their top goal scorers playing midfield. Chris Rolfe in Chicago and Chris Pontius in DC (although Pontius played minutes at forward in 2012). Forwards were both the no. 1 and no. 2 goal scorers on 6 of the 10 playoff teams.
• Chicago and DC had midfielders taking up both the no. 1 and no. 2 goal scorer spots.
  
• The LA Galaxy and Houston Dynamo had forwards as their top scorers (Robbie Keane and Will Bruin) and midfielders as their number 2 scorers (Landon Donovan and Brad Davis). Both teams made the MLS Cup Final.
  

Overall

*I did not count the knockout round. If I did, then Vancouver would also be added to this list.